Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in developed countries of the world. There is about 2500 new cases of breast cancer in Croatia each year and that number places us among the countries with high incidence. Breast cancer is not a new phenomenon and it has been diagnosed for hundreds of years. It represents cell aggregate formed in glandular breast tissue that, for unknown reason grows uncontrollably. In order to achieve the best results of treatment, it is very important to detect the disease as early as possible. With early diagnosis and modern methods of treatment, there are much more prospects for healing. That is the reason why it is important to raise awareness about the importance of breast self-exams, especially among those with higher risk of developing the breast cancer. Treating breast cancer requiers multidisciplinary aproach. Teamwork with good use of all forms of treatment including surgery, radiation and systematic treatment ensures the highest effectiveness. The type of some treatement metode and order in which it will be implemented should be planed togather with patient the multidisciplinary group of surgeons – oncologists, radiotherapists and internist-oncologists. The goal of treatment is always complete control of disease. Physiotherapy has a very important role in the rehabilitation of women following breast surgery since the methods used in the breast cancer treatment leave adverse effects and permanent consequences to the function of the affected segment and they influence patient’s quality of life. Therefore, physiotherapyst with its preventative and educational effort influences the success of the recovery and diminishes the amount of complications that are the main cause of delayed return to day-to-day and professional activities. The physiotherapy process folowing surgery can be divided into early and late postsurgery physiotherapy and late physiotherapy.