Hip pain in adults is traditionally associated with osteoarthritis of the joint. However, many young patients with hip pain are referred to orthopedists without arthritis. Subtle bone and soft tissue abnormalities can present with hip pain in an active young adult. Among the widedifferential diagnosis of possible causes, one of the fastest growing etiologies of hip pain is hip impigement syndrome. With repetitive strain, this femoroacetabular discrepancy can be a source of injury and damage to the acetabular labrum and cartilage. Hip impingement syndrome is morewidespread in the athletic population, especially in younger athletes. These abnormalities can leadto premature arthritis. With improvements in clinical examination for hip impingement syndrome,radiologic imaging using magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) and/or computed tomography (CT) scanning, these lesions are being detected early. If non-operative treatment is unsuccessful, surgical treatment is often performed arthroscopically with good results. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide an evidence-based description of the anatomy, pathophysiology, clinical features and treatment of hip impingement syndrome and acetabular labrum damage.