| Sažetak | Uvod: Različite aktivnosti tokom života pridonose različitoj prilagodbi ljudskog tijela, rezultat toga su razlike u morfološkoj građi tijela kao i funkcionalne razlike među ljudima. Pretpostavka je stoga da i različite sportske aktivnosti različito utiču na funkcionalne karakteristike, što je i predmet istraživanja ovog rada.
Cilj: Utvrditi razlike u mobilnosti torakalne i lumbalne kralježnice između rukometaša i nogometaša.
Metode: Ispitivanje je provedeno na uzorku od 16 rukometaša prosječne dobi od 24,9 godina i 21 nogometaša prosječne dobi 26,3 godina. Osobni podatci (visina i dob) dobiveni su od ispitanika, a težina je izmjerena analognom vagom. Testovi koji su se koristili za mjerenje mobilnosti kralježnice su: Schober test, OTT znak, test laterofleksije i modificirani test dohvata u sjedu, te se kao mjerni instrument koristila centimetarska vrpca. Za utvrđivanje razlika varijabli između grupa korišten je neparni t-test. Statistička značajnost utvrđena je na nivou p= 0,05. Statistička analiza podataka napravljena je pomoću programa MedCalc 10.2.0.0 (MedCalc Software, Broekstraat 52, 9030 Mariakerke, Belgium).
Rezultati: Rezultati su pokazali statistički značajne razlike u mobilnosti torakalne i lumbalne kralježnice, laterofleksiji trupa i vrijednosti visine i težine. Srednja vrijednost razlike IGP T (SV) 0,95; p=0,010/ ISG L (SV) 1,13; p=0,007/ ISG T (SV) 1,55; p=0,012/ LAT DS (SV) 6,96; p<0,0001/ LAT LS (SV) 6,93; p=0,0002/ TEŽINA (SV) 11,38; p=0,003/ VISINA (SV) 0,07; p=0,002/ P (SV) 16,76; p<0,0001. Statistički značajna razlika nije utvrđena za indeks tjelesne mase (BMI), te za indeks gibljivosti anteriorno lumbalne i torakalne kralježnice (IGA L; IGA T) i za indeks gibljivosti posteriorno lumbalne kralježnice (IGP L).
Zaključak: Upotreba korištenih testova neinvazivna je i jeftina metoda te se pomoću njih na jednostavan način mogu obaviti mjere mobilnosti kralježnice. Rukometaši su postigli bolje rezultate na testovima mobilnosti kralježnice, pretpostavka je da je to rezultat povećane aktivnost ramenog obruča koji proizilazi iz zahtjeva sportske aktivnosti, te specifičnog trenažnog procesa. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | Introduction: Various activities during life contribute to different adjustments of the human body and as a result of that there are differences in the morphological and functional physics of the body. The assumption is therefore that different sports have different influence on the functional characteristics, which is the subject of this paper.
Purpose: To identify differences in the mobility of the thoracic and lumbar spine between handball and football players.
Methods: The study was conducted on a sample of 16 handball players aged 24.9 years and 21 footballers aged 26.3 years. Personal information (height and age) were obtained from the examinees, and the weight is measured with analogue scales. The tests used to measure the mobility of the spine are: Schober test, OTT sign test, lateroflexion test, modified sit and reach test, and as a measuring instrument centimeter tape was used. To determine the differences of variables between groups the odd t-test was used. Statistical significance was determined at the level of p = 0.05. Statistical analysis was performed by using the program MedCalc 10.2.0.0 (MedCalc Software, Broekstraat 52, 9030 Mariakerke, Belgium).
Results: The results showed statistically significant differences in the mobility of the thoracic and lumbar spine, lateroflexion of the body and values of height and weight. The arithmetic mean of difference IGP T (SV) 0.95; p = 0.010 / ISG L (SV) 1:13; p = 0.007 / ISG T (SV) 1.55; p = 0.012 / LAT DS (SV) 6.96; p <0.0001 / LAT LS (SV) 6.93; p = 0.0002 / WEIGHT (SV) 11.38; p = 0.003 / HEIGHT (CM) 0.07; p = 0.002 / P (SV) 16.76; p <0.0001. A statistically significant difference has not been established for body mass index (BMI), and the index of mobility anterior lumbar and thoracic spine (L IGA, IGA T) and the index of mobility posterior lumbar spine (IGP L).
Conclusion: The tests used in this paper prove that non-invasive and inexpensive methods can be used in a simple way to measure the mobility of the spine. Handball players have achieved better results on tests of mobility of the spine. It could be assumed that this is a result of increased activity of the shoulder region which is connected with the type of activities, as well as specific training process. |
