The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of biological and ecological researches of reptiles within the Nature Park Papuk. A total of 11 species of reptiles were recorded to be living within the NP Papuk: 6 species of lizards and 5 species of snakes, which makes up one third of reptile fauna in the Republic of Croatia. The threatening factors for the reptile fauna are most often antropogenic. Construction of water wells, hydroelectric power plants and roads, as well as sewage disposals and intensive farming in neighbouring villages all pollute streams, river flows and other water surfaces making them uninhabitable, while digging artifical waterways, fortifying riverbanks, gravel extraction a building water tanks destroy habitats and make large water surface disappear for many species. Grass surfaces overgrowing into invasive plant species such as black pine also endangers the herpetofauna of this area. This paper points out the need to continue research and conservation of herpetofauna of this area because of more and more noticable endangering of their habitats.