The aim of this paper is to analyze the issue of sexual abuse against people with intellectual disabilities, ie, a critical, scientific and professional review of knowledge and review of available foreign research and available research conducted in the Republic of Croatia on this topic. Sexual abuse is one of the most severe forms of violence that violates basic human rights and is one of the worst forms of discrimination. The consequences of sexual abuse are numerous and long-lasting, and it happens that in people with intellectual disabilities they remain undetected due to the reduced ability of people with intellectual disabilities to express emotions and talk about their mental state. There are a number of risk factors that favor people with intellectual disabilities more likely to be exposed to sexual abuse. Some of them are: poor judgment, poor communication and social skills, greater reliance on service providers, lack of knowledge about sexuality, low level of awareness about protecting one's dignity and safety in sexual behavior, low self-esteem, behavioral coherence, cognitive limitations that make assessment difficult the dangers of a situation, the underdeveloped skills of one's own decision-making, the lack of education on how to defend oneself from sexual abuse. As for prevention programs, intended and adapted to people with intellectual disabilities, the situation in our country is unsatisfactory, working with children in this area often represents the good will of experts, parents, teachers, although research indicates a high frequency of sexual violence against children and people with intellectual disabilities. Systematic research is needed to determine the clear prevalence of sexual violence, to reduce risk factors, and to keep a register accordingly. Furthermore, it is necessary to implement laws and regulations in practice, to adapt protocols to persons with disabilities, and to prevent the prevention of sexual abuse on the basis of evidence obtained through research. It is necessary to systematically educate people with intellectual disabilities, to educate the family, educators and all other professionals who are in contact with this population, all in order to achieve maximum protection of this population. This paper points to the need to create new guidelines and recommendations for the timely prevention of abuse and the provision of support to victims of sexual abuse.