Diabetes mellitus has become a silent epidemic of today's society. The main purpose of this paper was to present the scale and role of the disease in society, the ways of prevention and treatment. It emphasizes the role of a community nurses and wide range of nursing interventions in the fight against this disease. Community nurses have been conducting community-based preventive and educational activities for almost a century. The scope and competencies of the work were changed through the fall, but perhaps not at sufficient speed to fully meet the needs of modern society. Today, her work is multi-valued and oriented on all age structures within the community. Such a way of working gives her an insight and a good understanding of the overall needs of the individual and family. Co-operation with a number of teams, primarily in primary health care and in the horizontal and vertical healthcare structure, provides an active occupation for the patient and a direct impact on the quality of life. A comprehensive family history with an overview of the socioeconomic condition makes it easier to assess the needs of the individual and family and prevent healthcare in terms of primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of diabetes. The problems faced by the community nurses within the health system are numerous and result from the lack of work structure, the lack of change in the scope of work, and the lack of need for higher education within the patronage service. Developing existing potentials, designing a broader structure, designing new projects and programs that will better meet the needs of modern society in meeting chronic diseases are a major task for the health care system. The effort to introduce highly educated nurses to the work of community service in the eyes of developed countries of the world alone can raise the level of education, stimulate research work in nursing and contribute to the development of quality indicators in the work of the community nurse.