Introduction: A renal care patient covers the life cycle involving a patient with knowledge about possible or already developed kidney disease. These patients require educated professionals, skilled and motivated nurses. Care and practice for these patients require a common base of knowledge that takes care of the needs of the individual, care for pediatric, adult and geriatric patients. Given the diversity of individual needs nephrological care has developed into a specialized field along with the necessary knowledge and skills. ----- Discussion: Increasing the number of patients in all stages of kidney disease requires nurses as team member knowledge of the development and course of the disease, diagnosis and replacement therapy. Basic theoretical knowledge of anatomy, physiology and path physiology of the kidney are necessary as a basis for understanding the disorder and the development of kidney disease. Knowledge of nursing skills includes various modalities of treatment such as conservative treatment, peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, transplantation and continuous replacement methods. Early involvement of patients in educational programs and care focused on the patient can reduce the progression of the disease and the need for dialysis, reduce morbidity and mortality, to correct anemia, proper diet to prevent malnutrition, start dialysis treatment with preservation of residual renal function, promote self-supply programs and enable patient selection methods replacement therapy. ----- Conclusion: Nephrology care requires additional training beyond what is necessary to become a nurse. Nephrology nurses must have additional training in anatomy, physiology, path physiology, pharmacology, pharmacotherapy, nutrition, growth and development and end of life care. They also require additional experience in the care of kidney disease. A constant advance in technology, new drug, advances in health care is a daily challenge the mind and opens avenues for continuous learning.