| Sažetak | Cilj istraživanja: Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio opisati životne navike trudnica na području Dalmacije i usporediti navike između prvorotkinja i višerotkinja.
Materijali i metode: Provedeno je presječno istraživanje među trudnicama koje su došle na probirni kombinirani test u Kliniku za ženske bolesti i porode KBC-a Split. Ukupno su sudjelovale 173 trudnice od njih 183 kojima je ponuđen upitnik. Prikupljanje uzastopnog uzorka provedeno je od listopada 2019. godine do ožujka 2020. godine. Upitnikom su ispitane životne navike trudnica koje uključuju pušenje cigareta i konzumaciju alkohola, prehrambene navike, tjelesnu aktivnost, navike spavanja i psihološke osobine ispitanica. U statističkoj analizi korišteni su Kolmogorov–Smirnovljev test, hi-kvadrat test, Mann-Whitney U test, studentov t-test, Spearmanov test ranga korelacije. U slučaju P vrijednosti manje od 0,05, rezultat je smatran statistički značajnim. Za analizu podataka korišten je SPSS statistički program (IBM SPSS Statistics v21).
Rezultati: Trudnice iz ovog istraživanja svrstane su po paritetu u skupinu prvorotkinja i višerotkinja. Pronađena je statistički značajna razlika u zastupljenosti mediteranske prehrane između navedenih skupina. Medijan MDSS zbroja za višerotkinje je iznosio 10,0 (5,0), dok je za prvorotkinje iznosio 7,0 (6,0) (P=0,013). Uspoređujući tjelesnu aktivnost s obzirom na paritet, nije pronađena statistički značajna razlika među skupinama. Što se tiče navika spavanja, tijekom radnog dijela tjedna, prvorotkinje su dnevno spavale 30 minuta duže nego višerotkinje (P=0,017). Medijan samoprocjene kvalitete života bio je bolji kod prvorotkinja i iznosi 9,0 (1,0) za razliku od višerotkinja kojima je iznosio 8,0 (2,0) (P=0,021). Indeks tjelesne mase bio je u značajnoj negativnoj korelaciji sa samoprocjenom zdravlja (r=-0,216, P=0,007), trajanjem sna tijekom radnih dana (r=-0,168, P=0,034) i trajanjem sna tijekom slobodnih dana (r=-0,175, P=0,027). Percepcija stresa statistički je značajno negativno korelirala s kvalitetom života (r=-0,330, P<0,001), osjećajem sreće (r=-0,409, P<0,001) i optimizmom (r=-0,374, P<0,001), a pozitivno s tjeskobom (r=0,482, P<0,001).
Zaključak: Višerotkinje su se više pridržavale obrasca mediteranske prehrane nego prvorotkinje. Tjelesna aktivnost i prehrambene navike nisu zadovoljavajuće ni u jednoj ispitanoj skupini. Prvorotkinje spavaju duže nego višerotkinje. S obzirom na neočekivano loše životne navike ispitanica, potrebno je poraditi da dodatnoj edukaciji i promociji zdravog životnog stila. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the life habits of pregnant women in Dalmatia and to compare the habits between primiparous and multiparous women.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women who came for a screening combined test at the Clinic for Women's Diseases and Obstetrics of the Clinical Hospital Center Split. A total of 173 pregnant women participated, of whom 183 were offered a questionnaire. Successive sample collection was conducted from October 2019 to March 2020. The questionnaire examined the life habits of pregnant women, which include cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption, eating habits, physical activity, sleep habits and psychological characteristics of the respondents. Kolmogorov – Smirnov test, chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, student t-test, Spearman correlation rank test were used in the statistical analysis. In the case of a P value less than 0.05, the result was considered statistically significant. The SPSS statistics program (IBM SPSS Statistics v21) was used for data analysis.
Results: Pregnant women from this study were classified by parity into the group of primiparous and multiparous women. A statistically significant difference was found in the representation of the Mediterranean diet between the mentioned groups. The median MDSS sum for multi-born women was 10.0 (5.0), while for first-born women it was 7.0 (6.0) (P = 0.013). Comparing physical activity with respect to parity, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups. In terms of sleep habits, during the working part of the week, primiparous women slept 30 minutes longer per day than multiparous women (P = 0.017). The median self-assessment of quality of life was better in primiparous women and was 9.0 (1.0) in contrast to multiparous women with 8.0 (2.0) (P = 0.021). Body mass index was significantly negatively correlated with health self-assessment (r = -0.216, P = 0.007), sleep duration during working days (r = -0.168, P = 0.034) and sleep duration during days off (r = -0.175, P = 0.027). Stress perception was statistically significantly negatively correlated with quality of life (r = -0.330, P <0.001), feelings of happiness (r = -0.409, P <0.001) and optimism (r = -0.374, P <0.001), and positively with anxiety (r = 0.482, P <0.001).
Conclusion: Multiparous women adhered more to the pattern of the Mediterranean diet than primiparous women. Physical activity and eating habits are not satisfactory in any of the examined groups. Primiparous women sleep longer than multiparous women. According to the unexpectedly bad lifestyle habits of the examined groups, it is necessary to work on additional education and promotion of a healthy lifestyle. |
