Traumatic occlusion is such an occlusion which causes pathological changes developing in teeth, periodontal, chewing musculature and temporomandibular joints. It is classified as primary and secondary. The primary one is caused by excessive forces on the healthy periodontal. The secondary one is developed when normal occlusion forces become excessive for the weakened periodontal. Ethyological factors such as: bruxism, malocclusion, reduced or one-sided chewing, tooth loss, periodontal support loss, inadequate relation between the occlusal surface and the temporomandibular joint, dental caries, inadequate dental fillings, inadequate orthodontic therapy, bad occlusal adjustment, inconvenient habits, inflammation, and malign processes resulting after traumatic occlusion. Traumatic occlusion may be pathological for the tooth, its support structure, chewing musculature and temporomandibular joints. The goal of the traumatic occlusion therapy is to establish harmonious relations within the stomatognathic system which represents the basis for balanced and harmonious functioning of all of its components.