The aim of this paper is to determine gender differences in the nutritional status of children attending a preschool institution. It is crucial to raise awareness of various influences that can lead to health issues such as overweight, obesity, and undernutrition. The goal is to ensure proper growth and development of children by introducing them to healthy nutrition and regular physical activity. The research was conducted at the "Proljeće" Kindergarten in Kloštar-Ivanić, on a sample of 30 children, comprising 15 boys and 15 girls, to determine potential differences in nutritional status between genders. Additionally, the importance of healthy nutrition and physical activity in preschool children was investigated. Anthropometric characteristics were measured (body height, body weight, hip circumference, waist circumference, upper arm skinfold, and back skinfold), and body mass index, body fat percentage, and waist-to-hip ratio were calculated. The research results were obtained using Excel and Statistica 14 software. Descriptive statistics (number of subjects, arithmetic mean, minimum value, maximum value, range, and standard deviation) and t-tests were calculated to gain insight into gender differences in the nutritional status of preschool children. The research showed no statistically significant differences in nutritional status between boys and girls. In the normal weight category, 73% of boys and 80% of girls were classified, in the overweight category, 20% of boys and 20% of girls were classified, while 7% of boys were classified as obese. The research indicated that girls had a slightly higher upper arm skinfold than boys. Other significant differences in anthropometric characteristics were not observed. It is essential for parents and educators to encourage children to engage in daily physical activities. Children should be taught the importance of physical activity and offered a varied diet that includes plenty of fruits, vegetables, and other healthy foods.