The aim of this study was to determine the properties of flaxseed oils from four foreign flaxseed varieties grown on the Croatian territory and to determine the influence of climatic conditions between flowering and harvesting of flax, different ways of oil production on their quality and chemical composition. The total number of sunshine hours had a significant impact on the amount of oil in the seed where the variety Niagara was singled out with the highest quantities of oil. Climatic conditions and variety significantly impacted composition of fatty acids, sterols, carotenoids, tocochromanols and phenolic compounds. Dry and cooler weather in period after flowering of flax positively influenced the increase in essential α-linolenic (ω-3) fatty acid. Cold-pressed oil from the varieties of yellow flax Oliwin was singled out by the largest share of ω-3. The most sterols and carotenoids were detected in oil produced from variety Altess after conditioning the seeds and their share is positively influenced by elevated temperature and hours of sunshine. The main representatives of tocochromanols in all oils were γ-tocopherol and plastochromanol-8. The highest quantities of tocochromanols were detected in oil from the variety Biltstar produced after conditioning of seeds. The presence of γ-tocopherol was best correlated with the increase in antioxidant activity of oil. The amount of phenolic compounds in the oils was very low and significantly positively correlated only with the year of harvest, i.e. higher temperature after flowering of flax. The share of lignans in the oil is negligible compared to their quantity in the seed. In order to obtain accurate information about the oxidative changes in flaxseed oil, along with standard methods, the analysis of oxidized cyclolinopeptides is needed. Based on the whole research data it possible to single out varieties Biltstar and Niagara as the most appropriate for oil production.