| Sažetak | Cilj ovog rada bio je istražiti sastav mikroflore mlijeka krava te pojavnost otpornosti
bakterija mlijeka na antimikrobne tvari s obzirom na zdravlje njihova vimena.
Mlijeko je sterilno uzorkovano od krava koje nisu nikada pokazivale znakove
mastitisa (n=17) te krava koje su bile terapirane i izliječene (n=19), a potjecale su s
4 različite farme. Normiranim mikrobiološkim metodama određivan je broj aerobnih
mezofilnih bakterija, psihrofilnih bakterija, bakterija mliječne kiseline, stafilokoka,
Escherichia coli, enterokoka, enterobakterija, Listeria spp. te sulfitreducirajućih
klostridija, Testiranje osjetljivosti na antimikrobne lijekove provedeno je na ukupno
56 izolata enterokoka, 30 izolata Escherichia coli, 24 enterobakterija i 94
stafilokoka. Ovisno o bakterijskoj skupini ili vrsti u disk difuzijskom testu korišteni
su diskovi ampicilina, rifampina, kloramfenikola, tetraciklina, eritromicina,
nitrofurantoina, vankomicina, penicilina, linezolida, trimetoprima, cefoperazona,
kanamicina, trimetoprim/sulfametoksazola, nalidiksične kiseline, ciprofloksacina,
gentamicina, teicoplanina, sulfonamida, levofloksacina, klindamicina te
amoksicilina s klavulanskom kiselinom.
Statistički značajne razlike (p<0,05) s obzirom na podrijetlo uzoraka mlijeka
utvrđene su u broju aerobnih mezofilnih bakterija i bakterija mliječne kiseline.
Pojavnost višestruko otpornih izolata E. coli i stafilokoka bila je značajno veća
(P<0.05) u mlijeku liječenih krava. Postotni odnos (liječene:zdrave krave)
višestruko otpornih E. coli bio je 56,3:0, enterobakterija 57,14:30, te stafilokoka
56,5:4,8. Nije bilo značajne razlike (P>0.05) u pojavnosti rezistentnih enterokoka u
mlijeku zdravih i liječenih krava (73,7 : 87.2 %). Visoka učestalost otpornosti na
antimikrobne tvari enterokoka u mlijeku zdravih krava može biti posljedica
kohabitacije životinja i križnog onečišćenja. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | The aim of this study was to determine the composition of cow milk microbiota and
antimicrobial resistance of milk microbiota in relation to udder health. Milk was
aseptically sampled from healthy cows without any signs of mastitis (n=17) and
drug-treated cows with mastitis (n=19), originated from 4 farms. Total viable count,
psychrophilic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, staphylococci, Escherichia coli,
enterococci, enterobacteria, Listeria spp. and sulphite-reducing clostridia were
determined using standard cultured methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing
was performed in 56 enterococci, 30 Escherichia coli, 24 enterobacteria and 94
staphylococci. Depending of bacterial group or species, the following antibiotic
disks were used – ampicillin, rifampin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, erythromycin,
nitrofurantoin, vancomycin, penicillin, linezolid, trimethoprim, cefoperazone,
kanamycin, nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, nalidixic acid,
ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, teicoplanin, sulfonamides, levofloxacin, klindamycin and
amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.
Statistically significant differences (P<0,05) considering the origin of milk samples
were found in total viable count and lactic acid bacteria. occurrence of
multiresistant E. coli and staphylococci was significantly higher (P<0.05) in milk of
drug-treated cows. The percentage ratio (drug-treated: healthy udders) of
multiresistant E. coli was 56.3:0, enterobacteria 57.14:30 and staphylococci 56.5:
4.8. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) between the prevalence of
multiresistant enterococci in the milk of healthy cows and cows with cured mastitis
(73.7: 87.2). High prevalence of resistance in enterococci isolated from milk
samples of healthy cows could be result of animal cohabitation and crosscontamination.
Keywords: milk, udder health, anti |
